Start by exploring some eggcorn examples. By entering your email and clicking Sign Up, you're agreeing to let us send you customized marketing messages about us and our advertising partners. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Malapropisms are what you get when someone substitutes a similar-sounding word for another, such asHes the pineapple of politenessinstead ofHes the pinnacle of politeness. Remember funny Mrs. Malaprop from the Richard Sheridan play. "Jelly beans" becomes "belly jeans." "Son, it is now kisstumary to cuss the bride." You get the idea. ", George Carlin fans are probably familiar with his quip, "Don't sweat the petty things and don't pet the sweaty things." Famous Spooner Phrases Commenting on a friend's death he remarked "Her late husband, you know, a very sad death - eaten by missionaries - poor soul!" He once called a famous Irish play "The Ploughboy of the Western World." "I have in my bosom a half-warmed fish" (for half-formed wish), believed to have said in a speech to Queen Victoria. Spooner's Spoonerisms More Funny Spoonerisms Cack of Pards Spoonerisms Could I charge your glass? Hi, Mignon. He would only ever admit to one of them, but there have been some pretty famous and entertaining Spoonerisms over the years; here are just a few of them. I have in my bosom a half-warmed fish (for half-formed wish), believed to have said in a speech to Queen Victoria. . He attended the New College, Oxford in England, where he was ordained as a deacon and, later, a priest in the Anglican Church. Another one is B-A-I-L-I-N-G for B-A-L-I-N-G inbaling wire, and T-O-W instead of T-O-E intoe the line. (Its spelled toe like the things on your feet because it comes from the idea of people putting their toes on a line on the ground.). . We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. It's the Tale of Two Cities. William Archibald Spooner: unintentionally comic effect. One reason that fairy tales are favorites for rewriting in spoonerisms is because many people are already familiar with the stories, so the mixed up words make the story much funnier since they alter the meaning of the stories we all know so well. He once addressed farmers as ye noble tons of soil. The worst place for a spoonerism, of course, is on a live radio broadcast. Two-Word Spoonerism Examples Some spoonerisms include only two words. 1. It happens when you swap sounds between two words in a phrase. In another example, a reader named Stephanie said she always thought people were saying windshield factor and didnt realize it was wind chill factor until she was in her 20s. The respectable reverend earned both fame in his lifespan and linguistic immortality by the eponymous solecisms, which his otherwise normal academic career wouldnt have brought him. What does spoonerism mean? He leaned closer to me and shouted, Where is the Farmer John cheese? RaysAunt, My boss thought the Hoodoo Gurus song was Ive a dog called Theodore not My girl dont love me no more. Chelly, I once entered a store and asked the sales clerk if they carried unfurnished finiture instead of unfinished furniture. Spoonerisms, mondegreens, eggcorns, and malapropisms are all instances where you get the words wrong. The first recorded transposition of words comes from The Complete Gentleman (1622) in which Henry Peacham refers to a melancholic gentleman who wrongly utters Sir, I must go dye a beggar instead of Sir, I must go buy a dagger. . Making a book of spoonerism stories can be easy and fun, and can even help improve their literacy skills, too., Gibbs RS. A fancy Christmas dinner party at his new wife's opulent, sandstone estate house. Spoonerisms.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoonerism(accessed August 4, 2019). Here is a selection of the funniest Spoonerisms sent in to us by our visitors: Cat flap ( Flat cap) Bad salad ( Sad ballad) Soap in your hole ( Hope in your soul) Mean as custard ( Keen as mustard) Plaster man ( Master plan) Pleating and humming ( Heating and plumbing) Trim your snow tail ( Trim your toe nails) Not only will you learn about language and literary devices, but you'll also enjoy a few laughs along the way. "Spoonerism or Slip of the Tongue." Spoonerisms are fairly common in everyday speech and were well known, of course, even beforeReverend Spooner lent his name to thephenomenon. The information provided is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial, tax, or legal advice. (Taken from Google search) A verbal error in which a speaker accidentally transposes the initial sounds or letters of two or more words, often to humorous effect, as in the sentence you have hissed the mystery lectures, accidentally spoken instead of the intended sentence you have missed the history lectures. Hear him!). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. I want to receive exclusive email updates from YourDictionary. Spoonerisms may be happy little accidents but many have used them in different contexts. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Mondegreens are what you get when listeners mishear words; for example when people think the song lyrics areSweet dreams are made of cheeseinstead ofSweet dreams are made of this. Think of Lady Mondegreen being laid on the green. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. My dad had a head injury that led to something like early-onset Alzheimers, and one of the things we noticed was that he would use a related word instead of the right word. Whichever version is true, or if the truth lies somewhere between the two extremes, the term spoonerism has long been used to describe this particular type of linguistic mistake. Retelling stories using spoonerisms is a real art form. It was the word holy and the proper spelling of that in relation to that text. This older woman, full of grace and charm, looks to my Dad and says, "Thank you so much for this glorious meal, John. A spoonerism is a phenomenon of speech in which the initial elements of a common phrase are transposed, usually accidentally. I like to imagine the mythical Lady Mondegreen happily singing along. It takes its name from the Englishman credited with making them famous - Oxford professor William Spooner. ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/spoonerism-words-1692128. Here are three sets of examples: 1. The Fun-with-words.com Spoonerism archive starts with a section devoted to genuine Spoonerisms - those that have been attributed to the Rev. His slips of tongue sometimes assumed hilarious dimensions. and ", My Dad, "Not at all, Margaret, not at all. For example, he says, O villain! Its a pleasure to serve you, Mr. Hasselhoff, said the bartender. William Spooner was born in 1844 in London. If you're entertained by spoonerisms, don't stop there. The book is for kids 8 and up, but I bet younger ones will find it funny, too. Cryptic crosswords for beginners: spoonerisms. Share them in the comments below! Nice Guy instead of Mr. By Carol Bainbridge Origin of the word Spoonerism: The originator of this play with words was . "Wow, you're a fart smellaI mean smart fella!". And then encourage your child to create their own spoonerisms. more examples [-] hide examples [+] Example sentences [-] Hide examples. )have them read some stories full of spoonerisms. You might be trying to say, "You have a cozy little nook here," but what comes out is, "You have a nosy little cook here." We hope you are enjoying Penlighten! Learn More . Spoonerism Examples: Funny Slips of the Tongue Fun with Anagrams, Palindromes, Spoonerisms, & Homophones Column 8 - Sydney Morning Herald Palindromes and Other Word Play - Wordnik Puns and Other Word Play - H2G2 FAQs: How do you do Spoonerism? There are also fairy tales rewritten with spoonerisms that you can read online. A Spoonerism is a usually humorous mistake in English in which the first letters of two words are exchanged. This is J.T. Technically linguistic errors, spoonerisms occur quite frequently in everyday conversation. Privacy Policy | Advertising Disclosure | Disclaimers | Terms and Conditions. You were fighting a liar in the quadrangle. For more information, please see our Kids and adults alike will enjoy this book. Jon Agee's collection of spoonerisms features questions like "What did it say on the fragile package?" Penlighten explains the linguistic phenomenon with examples. And Shel Silverstein authored a book calledRunny Babbit: A Billy Sook,which obviously uses spoonerisms. According to etymology Reverend Dr. William Archibald Spooner is attributed to spoonerism and the term is derived from his name. We provide informative and helpful articles about the newest fiction and nonfiction books on the market that you can come back to again and again when you have the urge for a new book to dig into. If you say "bunny phone" instead of "funny bone," you've uttered a spoonerism. My Dad, playing the good host, picks up two bottles of wine, one white and one red, and proceeds to do a round of the table, chatting amiably with everyone as he circles. A spoonerism is a speech error in which the speaker switches the initial consonants of two consecutive words. Privacy Policy. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. spoonerism example arty panimal party animal. He's not a pheasant plucker. Michelle, Whenever George W Bush says nuclear weapons, I always hear it as new killer weapons, no matter how hard I listen.Chris Murray, My favorite mondegreen is the one about the forest creature named Gladly who had poor vision: Gladly, the cross-eyed bear. John David Herman, 1. BBC announcer McDonald Hobley ran into the same problem as Harry von Zell: a politician with a tongue-twister of a name. Spoonerism is also known by the name metathesis. So we think it's only fitting that we mark the occasion with some of the classic spoonerisms attributed to him, below - and above, with the equally classic sketch from 'The Two Ronnies'. . We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Let s try to understand what they mean. Cookie Notice 3. David Hasselhoff walked into a bar and ordered a drink. Oops! Definition and Examples of Phonotactics in Phonology, 5 Tips to Improve Your Russian Pronunciation, 10 Titillating Types of Sound Effects in Language, Pronouncing the Difficult Consonants of Spanish, Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia, M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester, B.A., English, State University of New York. During the ceremonial induction of President Herbert Hoover, radio announcer Harry von Zell, accidentally announced The next voice you hear will be that of our new president, Hoobert Heever.. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. 2. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Nordquist, Richard. So thats an eggcorn too. This is one of a few questions I got about mondegreens after I mentioned them in a recent episode about the poop emoji. The name derives from that of Mrs. Malaprop, a character in an eighteenth-century play who often uttered such misstatements; one of her comments, for example, is "she . (5). Nordquist, Richard. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Some say that he habitually transposed word segments while others (including Spooner himself) claim he only did it once (Kinquering Congs instead of Conquering Kings). This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. While you are chuckling at the above spooneristic expression I bet Spooner is not so happy about it. Spoonerism or Slip of the Tongue. He might call his watch a time for example or a chair a sit. TheAlzheimers Associationalso lists this kind of problem as one of the early warning signs of Alzheimers. Never miss another tip! True or not, the joke that someone once said live on the air that the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation was "the Canadian Broadcorping Castration" struck a chord with people; the poor CBC is sometimes still referred to as such. Spoonerisms are funny expressions created by a transposition of the first letters or sounds of two words. ), Many Spoonerisms have been attributed to Reverend Spooner, but the only one he would admit to was this one, which confused the title of a popular hymn: "Kinkering Kongs Their Titles Take." To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Your email address will not be published. May I sew you to another sheet?, While giving a stern lecture to a misbehaving student: You have hissed all my mystery lectures. If your child enjoys wordplayor just likes to laugh (and who doesn't? Aside from his interest in technology, crafts, and food, hes also your typical science fiction and fantasy junkie, spending most of his free time reading through an ever-growing to-be-read list. We all encounter Spoonerisms at some points in our lives. These Are the 30 Best Sibling Gifts From the New Baby, How to Entertain Your Kids During Holidays Without Using Screen Time, Tips of the slongue: The enduring legacy of W.A. You might also say that "the acrobats displayed some cunning stunts" (which has also been the name of several albums over the years), or "Sir, you certainly are a shining wit". Tips of the slongue: The enduring legacy of W.A. If you've ever accidentally mixed up the sounds of letters or syllables from one word to another when trying to utter a phrase, you've committed a spoonerism. What is an example of spoonerism? Windshield factor and wind chill factor have the same meaning in Stephanies mind. Spoonerism: is a linguistic error or deliberate play on words wherein the speaker hilariously or accidentally flip flops letters and syllables often producing rhyming effect that make sense. . In the U.S. it was particularly popular in the west. His audiences loved the laughs he brought by mixing his words and he became a bit of a legend. The Creedence Theres a bathroom on the right mistake is mondegreen, as it is when people listen to Rudolph, the Red Nosed Reindeerand hearOlive, the other reindeer used to laugh and call him namesinstead ofall of the other reindeer.. The names of authors or characters in works of literature are sometimes accidentally (or on purpose) expressed as spoonerisms. The Lord is a shoving leopard. "They were fixed windows or I would have jumped out." While it's all fun and games to most of us, it can be a. Spoonerism is also known by the name metathesis. To spoonerize phrases with more than two words, replace the begining sound of each word with the begining sound of the previous word. It's been simply divine. Within the field of psycholinguistics, speech errors fall under the category of language production. Spoonerisms take their name from the ReverendWilliam Archibald Spooner, a scholar who held a leadership role for more than 20 years in Oxfords New College. Spooner. While some say that Spooner frequently transposed segments of words, others claim that he actually did this only once, publicly uttering "kinkering kongs instead of "conquering kings" while speaking at a worship service. In listening to that segment, I realized I think I have been misusing the word mondegreen. I always assumed that what you referred to and as eggcorn was a mondegreen. The end is listless! WATCH: 10 Classic Spoonersims - And One Classic Spoonerism Sketch. There are a lot of great mondegreens from popular music. For example, George Bush was reported to say, nucular power pants instead of nuclear power plants in 2003, and, in Sheridans play, Mrs. Malaprop says someone is, the very pineapple of politeness instead of the very pinnacle of politeness., Scott Perez-Fox reminded me that Dogberry in Shakespeares Much Ado About Nothing makes great comic use of malapropisms. Some of the devices Dahl used profusely are onomatopoeia, alliterative phonaesthesia, and reduplication. A spoonerism is another particular kind of mix-up. She is an inductee in the Podcasting Hall of Fame, and the show is a five-time winner of Best Education Podcast in the Podcast Awards. Now, back to the little fit bunny type of error I mentioned at the beginning. There are a few books available with spoonerized stories. The Reverend William Spooner - warden of New College, Oxford, and 'inventor' of the spoonerism - passed away on this day in 1930. The name comes from a French phrase meaning badly for the purpose. People started using it to describe the silly misuse of words after the playwright Richard Sheridan named one of his characters, who had a habit of ridiculously mixing up words, Mrs. Malaprop. Obstet Gynecol. The Rev. You can visit his Bacefook, err, Facebook page, to learn more about what he does and listen to samples of his storytelling. Pardon me madam, occupying my pew, show you to another seat, The weight of rages will press hard upon the employer. Origin of the word Spoonerism: The originator of this play with words was the great Rev. (Spooner to a guest), You are a disgrace. What are your personal spoonerisms? Manage Settings Some of the less offensive examples includenucking futs(from the movieDickie Roberts: Former Child Star),biserable mastered (from the video gameEscape from Monkey Island),bass ackwards, andno wucking furries.. (he meant wasted the whole term). There are times when your suppressed feelings express themselves with incorrect words and these occasional verbal somersaults may cause Tinglish terrors to everyone. And, the classic when he couldnt find his seat: Mardon me padom, you are occupewing my pie. Discover a selection of interesting and . For example, some people think the song from The Killers is Mr. SPOONERISM meaning: a humorous mistake in which a speaker switches the first sounds of two or more words . Discover a selection of interesting and entertaining spoonerism examples. Sign up and we will email you daily with the best of our political and news coverage while also giving you a taste of our most-popular lifestyle, opinion and personal blogs. once said to a stranger who was occupying his personal pew in the college chapel: 'Excuse me, but I think you are occupewing my pie.' He began a speech to an audience of farmers: 'I have never before addressed so may tons of soil.' Margaret Visser Yet, most bloopers are just that. What the preacher should have read was, Conquering Kings Their Titles Take. He was notorious for frequently making this kind of verbal slip, to the point of being named after him. You have hissed all my mystery lectures. As a spoonerism, you might write it or say it as "pex atriate." 3 Examples of Spoonerisms Spoonerisms occur accidentally and on purpose, whether through genuine misspeaking or for intentional comedic effect. Will nobody pat my hiccup? Spoonerisms are funny expressions created by a transposition of the first letters or sounds of two words. Mardon me padom, you are occupewing my pie. Authors sometimes intentionally use spoonerisms as a literary device to introduce humor into their work. 2. You have, in fact, tasted a whole worm. Oopsa slip of the tongue! WORD OF THE DAY caricature : a drawing that makes someone look funny because some part of the person's appearance is exaggerated. The term spoonerism is derived from the name of William A. Spooner (18441930), who had a reputation for making these slips of the tongue. There was also Beeping Sleauty. Technically linguistic errors, spoonerisms occur quite frequently in everyday conversation. Wish him luck! Here are just a few: A lot of spoonerisms happen because youre either distracted while speaking, trying to make someone laugh, or simply talking too fast. Read our, "Smart Feller Fart Smeller: And Other Spoonerisms", "Stoopnagle's Tale is Twisted: Spoonerisms Run Amok", The 34 Best Christmas Books for Kids of 2022, The 42 Best Easter Gifts for Kids That Would Make the Beloved Bunny Proud, The 26 Best Black History Month Books for Kids of 2023, The 50 Best Valentine's Gifts for Kids of 2023, 16 Fun and Free Learning Websites for Kids, The 15 Best Valentines Day Gifts for Babies of 2023, Expecting Baby Number 2? Press Esc to cancel. A hot pie would make me happy. Commenting on a friends death he remarked Her late husband, you know, a very sad death eaten by missionaries poor soul!, He once called a famous Irish play The Ploughboy of the Western World.. Explore some other linguistic mistakes that add a bit of fun to spoken language. What are spoonerisms examples? (Spooner, when his hat fell down), Would you like a nasal hut? Spoonerism definition: A transposition of sounds of two or more words, especially a ludicrous one, such as Let me sew you to your sheet for Let me show you to your seat. Spoonerism Examples: Funny Slips of the Tongue. Studying spoonerisms has made psychologists realize a few things about the brain. For the record, von Zell's career was just fine. An example is belly jeans when the intended words are jelly beans.. In patriotic favor Such Bulgarians should be vanished (Such vulgarians should be banished). Find her on Mastodon. (Spooner, introduing a stage performer). Let's see what exactly is Spoonerism. Wright had imagined a second slaying victim where there was none, and when she discovered the error she decided to name the phenomenon after the nonexistent Lady Mondegreen. Bye!, There are so many different kinds of errors that sometimes it seems overwhelming, but fortunately, a lot of them are funny, like thinking Creedence Clearwater Revival sangTheres a bathroom on the rightinstead ofTheres a bad moon on the riseand saying something is alittle fit bunnyinstead of alittle bit funny. (1). If you say "bunny phone" instead of "funny bone," you've uttered a spoonerism. Ill start with eggcorns and then explain how theyre different from mondegreens, and then well also talk about spoonerisms and malapropisms because theyre similar too. (2020, August 26). An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Alan Connor demystifies each type of cryptic crossword clue for beginners and asks experienced solvers to share their favourite examples. Penlighten explains the linguistic phenomenon with examples. I confess that on more than one occasion I have called my relatives Gail and Dave, Dale and Gave! An example is "belly jeans" when the intended words are "jelly beans." Origin of Spoonerism Spoonerisms take their name from the Reverend William Archibald Spooner, a scholar who held a leadership role for more than 20 years in Oxford's New College. Eggcorns are what you get when people swaphomophonesin phrases, such as spellingHear! Unfortunately (or perhaps fortunately for the future of word play), Wright heard the last line asAnd Lady Mondegreeninstead ofAnd laid him on the green.. Copyright Penlighten & Buzzle.com, Inc. Abraham Lincoln was quite fond of wordplay. It doesnt change the meaning like in a mondegreen. The Reverend William Spooner - warden of New College, Oxford, and 'inventor' of the spoonerism - passed away on this day in 1930. It's never been recorded except on a record album called Pardon My Blooper, but it was recreated for the album and not recorded from the original alleged mishap. (It's sound advice, really. Your email address will not be published. A spoonerism is an occurrence in speech in which corresponding consonants, vowels, or morphemes are switched (see metathesis) between two words in a phrase. Reports say that he was less than thrilled to be honored by having the error named after him. When spoonerisms occur, the transposed sounds are usually in the same positions. It made sense to her because she thought when you are in a car, its warmer, but the windshield factor would take into account the elements if you were outside the car. Examples of spoonerisms include: 'blushing crow' (instead of 'crushing blow') 'hair bug' (instead of 'bear hug') 'flock of bats' (instead of 'block of flats') 'by mad' (instead of 'my bad') My brain is starting to hurt trying to keep the names straight, so Ill summarize them again. My husband once asked, Is the smoke kitchy? Kathy, Dont forget that Cheap Trick told us, The dream police, they come to pee in my bed. Michael, Dont forget the chapter in Ramona the Pest where Ramona tries to find out what a donzer is after hearing about the donzerly light in the national anthem. Jenny, The song Its a Mistake by Men at Work always sounds like Its Amish Day to me. Cole is a blog writer and aspiring novelist. Dyslexia. Kids as young as 1 will enjoy this book and so will adults! It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Her popularLinkedIn Learning courses help people write better to communicate better. Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr. Eddie Playbody will now pee for you. Please leave Oxford on the next town drain. Imagine the embarrassment when Hobley introduced him as "Stifford Crapps. I always sing it that way! Continue with Recommended Cookies. During the 19th century there was a considerable fad of giving tongue to spooneristic expressions especially among the medical students in London, and the phase came to be known as Medical Greek or Hospital Greek. Part of HuffPost Comedy. 4. Eggcorns were first identified as a separate phenomenon in 2003, and got their name from a discussion on theLanguage Log websiteabout a woman who misheard the wordacornaseggcorn. (4). The result is usually humorous. As a result, thousands of spoonerisms are created daily. 50+ Easter Puns to Get Everybunny Laughing; Examples of Onomatopoeia for Kids; Examples of Puns in Literature; Mysterious Mondegreens: Examples of a Unique Phenomenon; Spoonerism Examples: Funny Slips of the Tongue It is believed that Abraham Lincoln was very fond of them and he once wrote on a manuscript He said he was riding bass-ackwards on a jass-ack through a patton-crotch , whether he personally composed this phrase or copied it is yet unknown and difficult to decipher on what context it was written. A malapropism, the substitution of a word with a similar-sounding but incongruous word, may be uttered accidentally or, for humorous effect, may be deliberate. Hear!H-E-R-E instead of H-E-A-R. Im thinking of the scene in the movieKindergarten Copwhere the kids are saying the Pledge, and if I remember correctly there are lines likeI led the pigeons to the flagandOne Nation under God, invisible, with liver tea and Justice for all.. Spoonerisms are named after a British professor who is believed to have had a tendency to mix up his words or wix up his mords. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Spoonerisms usually happen by accident, which leads to mostly comic effects. Morris from Evergreen, Texas. He has a degree in Communications and is an advocate of media and information literacy and responsible media practices. This vast display of cattleships and bruisers. An example of a spoonerism is: "dad bog" rather than "bad dog." Another example is "ticnic pable" rather than "picnic table." Almost any two words can be transposed in this way. Following that are several more amusing Spoonerisms, and whole section of playing card Spoonerisms. They can write them, illustrate them, and even make a book or booklet out of their new story. Carol Bainbridge has provided advice to parents of gifted children for decades, and was a member of the Indiana Association for the Gifted. Other examples of eggcorns includecoming down the pipeinstead ofcoming down the pikeandchomping at the bitinstead ofchamping at the bit., Many of the most common eggcorns seem to swaphomophonesin familiar phrases, such as writing hear, hear using H-E-R-E instead of H-E-A-R.(Its spelledhear,like in the way you hear with your ears, because it means something like Hear him! Spoonerisms are what you get when a speaker mixes up sounds, making phrases such as "better Nate than lever." Remember William Spooner and his particular kind of mix up such as "The Lord is a shoving leopard" instead of "The Lord is a loving shepherd." A spoonerism is an either intentional or unintentional transposition of the sounds of two or more words. What's the difference between a restriction and a line of people waiting to stroke my cat? French author, Franois Rabelais is considered as the pioneer of this technique and he used extensively in his literary works to create a comical effect. https://www.thoughtco.com/spoonerism-words-1692128 (accessed March 4, 2023). Spoonerisms - Fun With Words Variety: Puns and Anagrams - The New York Times Puns, Puzzles, and Wordplay | Book by Jim Bernhard The Word Circus: a Letter-Perfect Book - Amazon.sg Spoonerism Examples: Funny Slips of the Tongue Fun with Anagrams, Palindromes, Spoonerisms, & Homophones Word Play in the L. Frank Baum Fantasies - ResearchGate